On the Electron Transport through a Quantum Dot

Electron transport through a quantum dot is discussed from the point of view of the Friedel sum rule. When an odd number of electrons are in the dot, the localized moment may be formed because of the Coulomb repulsion between the electrons. In this situation, it is predicted that the transmission probability of an electron through the dot is almost unity if the temperature is lower than the Kondo temperature, i.e., the characteristic energy of the spin fluctuations divided by Boltzmann constant.