Key result
Enterovirus infections are implicated as probable triggering viruses for the development of autoimmunity and Type 1 diabetes, potentially through persistent infections.
Why the study?
Although enteroviruses are increasingly implicated in triggering type 1 diabetes autoimmunity, the potential roles and molecular mechanisms across disease stages require review.
What is the role and molecular mechanism by which enterovirus infections impact the development of Type 1 Diabetes?
What is the role and molecular mechanism by which enterovirus infections impact the development of Type 1 Diabetes?
This review highlights the growing evidence linking enterovirus infections to the development of autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes.
Enterovirus implication in T1D supports antiviral prevention trials; leaves open definitive causality in prospective studies.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency and resultant hyperglycemia. Complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors trigger the onset of autoimmune mechanisms responsible for development of autoimmunity to β cell antigens and subsequent development of T1D. A potential role of virus infections has long been hypothesized, and growing evidence continues to implicate enteroviruses as the most probable triggering viruses. Recent studies have strengthened the association between enteroviruses and development of autoimmunity in T1D patients, potentially through persistent infections. Enterovirus infections may contribute to different stages of disease development. We review data from both human cohort studies and experimental research exploring the potential roles and molecular mechanisms by which enterovirus infections can impact disease outcome.
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Lloyd et al. (2021) conducted a review in Type 1 diabetes. Enterovirus infections was evaluated. Enterovirus infections are implicated as probable triggering viruses for the development of autoimmunity and Type 1 diabetes, potentially through persistent infections.
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