Key result
Rotavirus vaccines have been developed and licensed globally, though lower efficacies are observed in developing regions compared to well-developed ones.
Why the study?
Existing rotavirus vaccines show lower efficacy in less-developed regions, prompting the development of new-generation candidates to improve performance and safety.
This review summarizes the performance of licensed rotavirus vaccines and highlights the development of novel vaccines to address lower efficacy in developing regions and safety concerns.
Rotavirus vaccination remains the primary prevention strategy in children; leaves open optimal vaccine selection and coverage strategies globally.
Rotavirus, which causes acute gastroenteritis and severe diarrhea, has posed a great threat to children worldwide over the last 30 y. Since no specific drugs and therapies against rotavirus are available, vaccination is considered the most effective method of decreasing the morbidity and mortality related to rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis. To date, six rotavirus vaccines have been developed and licensed by local governments. Notably, Rotarix™ and RotaTeq™ have been recommended as universal agents against rotavirus infection by the World Health Organization; however, lower efficacies were found in less-developed and developing regions with medium and high child mortality than well-developed ones with low child mortality. For now, two promising novel vaccines, Rotavac™ and RotaSiil™ were pre-qualified by the World Health Organization in 2018. Other rotavirus vaccines in the pipeline including neonatal strain (RV3-BB) and several non-replicating rotavirus vaccines with a parenteral delivery strategy are currently undergoing investigation, with the potential to improve the performance of, and eliminate the safety concerns associated with, previous live oral rotavirus vaccines. This paper reviews the important developments in rotavirus vaccines in the last 20 y and discusses problems and challenges that require investigation in the future.
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Wang et al. (2020) conducted a review in rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis. Rotavirus vaccines was evaluated. Rotavirus vaccines have been developed and licensed globally, though lower efficacies are observed in developing regions compared to well-developed ones.
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