Why the study?
Evidence on the association between changes in physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk was limited, particularly among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Does increasing physical activity reduce incident cardiovascular disease in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?
Does increasing physical activity reduce incident cardiovascular disease in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?
In patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, increasing physical activity from sedentary to active significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas decreasing activity increases the risk.
May support activity promotion in new T2D but should not change practice; leaves open need for RCTs to confirm causality.
Background : Physical activity is known to have strong benefits on prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Also, diabetes is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality. However, the evidence of association between changes in physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease is limited, especially among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods : A total of 20,598 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. Self-reported questionnaires using a 7-day recall method were used to assess physical activity and calculated in metabolic equivalent task (MET) score. Physical activity level was measured in the screening period Ⅰ (2009-10) and period Ⅱ (2011-12) and assessed the change in physical activity level with CVD risks. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Compared with the patients from the screening period Ⅰ(2009-10) to period Ⅱ (2011-12), those who increased their physical activity level from sedentary to active showed a 35% lower risk of overall CVD risk (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.96). Inversely, those who decreased their physical activity level from active to sedentary showed a 79% higher risk of overall CVD risk (aHR 1.79, 95% CI 1.17-2.72). Conclusions : Among patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, change in physical activity showed an inverse relationship with CVD risk. Maintaining a modest level of physical activity is important in reducing CVD risk.
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Lim et al. (2022) studied this question.
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