Association between PRO12ALa Polymorphism of PARγ2 Gene and Coronary Artery Disease in Iranian Population with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus

Context: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the common diseases in patients with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) plays a vital role in dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress is involved in atherogenesis. Objective: The study aimed to determine the association between Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ2 gene(rs1801282) and CAD risk in T2DM patients in the Iranian population. Design: A group of 145 T2DM patients with a history of CAD were enrolled, together with 145 sex and gender-matched individuals who had neither CAD nor history of T2DM who were enrolled in a case-control study. Subjects and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was applied to genotype the PPARγ2 gene polymorphisms. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results: CC and GC genotypes of Pro12Ala had a higher frequency in the control and case groups, respectively. The GC genotype was associated with a significantly increased CAD risk compared to the CC genotype (adjusted OR= 2.66, 95% CI = 1.5-29.5, p<0.01). The mean triglycerides and total cholesterol level were significantly higher in the CC genotype than the GC genotype in both case and control groups (p<0.05). The mean level of fasting blood glucose was significantly higher in the CC genotype compared to GC genotype in the case group (p<0.05). The mean of creatinine, lipid profiles, microalbuminuria, and hemoglobin A1c had no significant difference between CC and GC genotypes in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism could be an essential indicator for the increased risk of CAD in the Iranian people with T2DM.