most commonly caused by left heart disease. The obstruction to blood flow may, however, also be located upstream to the left atrium. Among the known causes of such obstruc- tion are compression of the pulmonary veins by a mediastinal mass (Edwards and Burchell, 1951; Andrews, 1957; Evans, 1959); congenital stenosis of the pulmonary veins at the veno-atrial junction (Lucas, Woolfrey, Anderson, Lester, and Edwards, 1962); or thrombus formation in the pulmonary veins due to greatly reduced blood flow associated with congenital pulmonary stenosis (Rich, 1948; Best and Heath, 1958).
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Weisser et al. (1967) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: