Application Analysis of Swarm Control Technology in Orchard Agricultural Production

Swarm control technology, leveraging artificial intelligence algorithms to coordinate multiple devices, offers an effective solution for developing precision and intelligent operation systems in orchard management. This paper focuses on the core technologies underpinning swarm coordination and reviews the current state of research on collaborative communication, path planning, task allocation, and formation control, with reference to both domestic and international studies. Based on the full growth cycle of fruit trees, encompassing monitoring, precision management, and harvesting, the paper summarizes the applications and research progress of swarm control technology at each stage. Furthermore, it identifies key challenges in applying swarm technology to orchard environments, including low efficiency in heterogeneous system coordination, delayed responses to dynamic conditions, resource constraints in large-scale swarm systems, and limited adaptability to agricultural contexts, and offers strategic recommendations to address these limitations.