Factors affecting the adequacy of income among older people during periods of high inflation

Background High inflation following the war in Ukraine has posed a major economic challenge, particularly for older adults in Austria who rely heavily on pensions and fixed social benefits. Individuals with low incomes are especially vulnerable to rising living costs. Objective This study examines changes in subjective income adequacy among older adults during the 2022/2023 inflation period and identifies key risk factors for perceived financial deterioration. Methods Data were obtained from a representative telephone survey of 841 adults aged 60+ years in Austria conducted between January and February 2023. Changes in income adequacy were assessed by comparing respondents’ financial situation before and after the onset of high inflation. Hierarchical logistic regression models were applied to identify relevant factors. Results Overall, 42% of respondents reported a worsening of their financial situation. Individuals with a net monthly income below € 1200 had significantly higher odds of reporting deterioration. Older adults under 65 and those experiencing psychological stress were more likely to perceive financial decline. No significant effects were found for physical health, partnership status, having children, gender, or education. Discussion The findings highlight the heterogeneity within the older population and show that financially and psychologically vulnerable groups are particularly affected. Targeted policy interventions are needed to effectively support these groups.