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This work investigates the differing dust content in early galaxies at high redshifts and explains the mechanisms causing these differences.

August 9, 2026

The first dusty galaxies across 6 ≲ z ≲ 14. Blue monsters, red monsters, and the bimodality of dust content in early galaxies

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This work investigates the differing dust content in early galaxies at high redshifts and explains the mechanisms causing these differences.
Modeling dust removal processes in clustered star-forming systems.
Using 3D hydrodynamical simulations to analyze dust behavior during supernova events.
Examining the relationship between stellar mass and dust retention across varying redshifts.
Dusty massive galaxies retain a higher dust column, producing a UV-continuum slope of β_m UV ≳-1.
Galaxies with efficient dust removal exhibit blue monster characteristics, achieving β_m UV łesssim-2.4.
Transition between blue and red monsters is influenced by supernova ejecta interactions across different layers.

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Randomized trial reveals dust content variations in early galaxies, suggesting distinctive formation processes.

Martínez-González et al. (2026) studied this question.

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