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Study improves chemical stability and low-temperature resistance in asphalt using bio-oils, suggesting effective recycling strategies.
The intrinsic aging susceptibility of bio-oils severely limits their use in asphalt binders. To enhance their chemical stability, this study investigated three upgrading methods—ethanol esterification, n-hexanol dilution and n-hexanol esterification—applied to the organic fractions of pine wood and wheat straw intermediate pyrolysis liquids. Chemical characterisations revealed that esterification significantly improved the thermal-oxidative stability of the bio-oils by suppressing oxidation, acidification and molecular condensation. Notably, n-hexanol esterification effectively reduced volatile acids and phenols while retaining beneficial aromatic hydrocarbons, resulting in minimised mass loss, acid number and viscosity after aging. Rheological evaluations further confirmed that the n-hexanol esterified bio-oils optimally restored the viscoelastic properties of aged asphalt and significantly enhanced its low-temperature cracking resistance. These findings demonstrate that n-hexanol esterification, which synergistically combines chemical esterification and physical dilution, offers a highly effective strategy for producing durable, high-performance asphalt bio-based recycling agents.
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Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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