Short Communication: Continuous body movement-robust respiration rate detection using Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave millimeter wave radar based on non-negative matrix factorization algorithm

This study presents a novel approach to monitoring respiration rate using frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) millimeter-wave radar, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional non-contact methods. Fourteen participants were involved in an experiment that included alternating periods of stillness and left–right continuous body movement. Data analysis involved non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and template matching (TM) techniques. Respiration measured by millimeter-wave radar was compared with ground truth measurements. Results demonstrated accurate respiration detection even during continuous body movement, with a significant correlation between radar-based measurements and ground truth data. This study pioneers radar-based respiration monitoring under continuous body movement conditions, offering promising implications for practical applications. • Non-contact respiration monitoring using FMCW millimeter-wave radar. • Novel approach for respiration monitoring even under continuous body movement. • Non-negative matrix factorization and template matching techniques for radar-based vital signal processing.