A Retrospective Study on Common Animal Diseases from 2018 to 2022 in Gida Ayana District, East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia

Ethiopia is endemic to a number of livestock diseases OIE listed diseases and these infectious diseases are a key constraint in livestock production and food security. The study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 in Gida Ayana district to assess common animal diseases frequently presented in the vet’s clinics for treatment. The present study revealed that, different infectious diseases are the most important animal health problem in the study area with 26% prevalence of clinically sick animals presented for treatment at the clinics as a whole. Study site wise, the number of infectious cases (31.8%) was recorded at Ayana type B clinic followed by 25.2% at Ejere vet’s clinic and proportionally, the lowest was recorded at Gute Gudina clinic (21.9%). GIT parasitism is the second leading animal health problem in the area with 24.1% as a general followed by Trypanosomiasis with 19% of total animal presented for treatment in the specified vet’s clinics (kebeles) as a whole. Also, Ecto-parasitismis another animal health problem in the district with 13.3% from the whole cases recorded during specified period. Both non infectious diseases and physical injuries are relatively the lower number of cases identified during study period with 8.3% and 9.1% respectively. Generally, the current study indicated that, livestock are affected by infectious diseases, endoparasite and trypanosomiasis at high risk and there is less risk of non-infectious diseases and physical injuries in the area. This shows that, vaccinating animals for those endemic infections and prevention and controlling of tsetse fly is under requirement. Even though, the animal population of the selected site is high, the number of animal and owner using the clinic is less due to absence of proper case recording habits of the experts. Therefore, mass vaccination should be given for endemic diseases in the area as a whole and every case seen and treated in vet’s clinic need to be documented.