► Retained austenite was transformed to un-tempered martensite by higher internal shear stress. ► Internal stresses were validated by the DEA in the case. ► Fatigue crack originated from existing cracks in tempered martensite. ► The mode of bevel gears failure was contact fatigue. ► Variation in hardness at the case/core resulted in complete detachment of case.
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Siddiqui et al. (2013) studied this question.
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