Key result
Applying a magnetic field increased temperature, absolute maximum pressure, and shear stress by 7.35%, 5.55 times, and 5.33 times on the upper plaques compared to normal conditions.
Computational modeling suggests that external magnetic fields significantly alter hemodynamics and temperature in stenosed carotid arteries, but this effect diminishes as plaques harden.
External magnetic fields may elevate plaque stress and temperature in carotid stenosis; hypothesis-generating computational data leave clinical relevance open.
This paper presents pulsatile blood flow simulation in a carotid bifurcation under the action of external magnetic field. Previous investigations neglected the effect of transient magnetic field on non-Newtonian blood flow through a coupled free and porous media. In this study for closing to a real phenomenon, arterial walls and two fatty deposited atherosclerotic plaques are considered as different porous media, blood is assumed as a generalized non-Newtonian biomagnetic fluid (with Power law and Carreau models) and time dependent inlet velocity varies by the frequency of human heart beating cycle. Because of magnetic field existence, two big vortexes are created at the plaques' edges and the temperature, shear stress, vertical velocity and pressure distribution along the stenosis region have been affected noticeably. The results show by applying MnF = 107 and MnM = 102 magnetic field intensity the values of temperature, absolute maximum pressure and shear stress go up 7.35 %, 5.55 times and 5.33 times (62.16 %,4.08 times and 6 times) respect with normal condition on the upper (lower) plaques respectively. Examining the role of porosity factor indicates that by progressing stenosis disease and hardening atherosclerotic plaques, magnetotherapy treatment lose its efficiency due to sever reduction in available maximum blood temperature, fluid flux and average Nusselt number.
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Alimohamadi et al. (2015) studied Stenosed Carotid Bifurcation Artery. External magnetic field vs. Normal condition was evaluated on Temperature, absolute maximum pressure and shear stress. Applying a magnetic field increased temperature, absolute maximum pressure, and shear stress by 7.35%, 5.55 times, and 5.33 times on the upper plaques compared to normal conditions.
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