University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (Grenvik) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Peter M. Winter Institute for Simulation, Education and Research, Pittsburgh, PA (Schaefer) Dr. Grenvik is a consultant for Laerdal Medical in Stavanger in Norway and a board member of the Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine. Dr. Schaefer receives royalties from the sale of a patent related to human simulators from Medical Plastics Laboratory (MPL).
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Grenvik et al. (2004) studied this question.
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