Temperature behavior of dielectric and piezoelectric properties of samarium-doped lead titanate ceramics

The dielectric and electromechanical coupling properties of Sm-doped and Mn-doped PbTiO(3) ceramics were investigated from 4.2 to 300 K. The upper and lower limits of the ceramic dielectric and piezoelectric properties were calculated by averaging the single-domain constants that were determined from a phenomenological theory. Comparisons of the measured and calculated properties were then made. The measured dielectric permittivity epsilon(T)(33) and piezoelectric strain coefficient d(33) appear to be mainly due to the averaging of the intrinsic single-domain response. The large piezoelectric and electromechanical anisotropies present in modified PbTiO(3) ceramics also appear to be an intrinsic property of the material. The piezoelectric coefficient d(31), as well as the planar coupling coefficient k(p), was found to have very small values over two temperature regions, from 120 to 170 K and from 240 to 270 K.