Evaluation of Mental Disorders along with Cardiovascular Diseases among Adult Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Southern Punjab

Objective: To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with cardiovascular disease andassociation between psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases and.Study Design: Cross Sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at cardiac wards of Ch.Pervaiz Elahi Institute ofth th Cardiology, Multan from 27 May to 27 October 2020.Materials and Methods: 200 patients of age above 25 years, both male and female with diagnosis ofcardiovascular diseases were included in the study. Cardiovascular disease patients were evaluated to variouspsychiatric disorders, including depression, post trauma stress disorder, anxiety, dysthymia, and bipolardisorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, social phobia, and psychosis. Those with comorbidpsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases were evaluated for socioeconomic conditions. Education, income,occupation and debt were used as indicators for this evaluation. Collected data were analysed throughcomputer software SPSS 23.Results: Out of 200, 115 (57.5%) were male and 85 (42.5%) were female. Mean age of participants was 42.7±6.7 years. Among them, 94 (47%) were diagnosed positive for mental illness. 10 (10.6%; OR: 0.298) weredetected for anxiety, 20 (21.2%; OR, 1.47) for depression, 21 (22.3%; OR, 1.056) for post trauma stress disorder,7 (7.4%; OR, 0.26) for dysthymia, 5 (5.31%; OR, 0.14) for bipolar disorder, 15 (15.9%; OR, 1.69) for panicdisorder, 6 (6.3%; OR, 0.75) for social phobia and 10 (10.6; OR 0.36) for psychosis. Majority 46.8% of diagnosedpsychiatric disorders had less than 10 years of schooling, 41.4% were having monthly income less than 25,000per month, 42.5% were skilled, and 58.5% were indebted.Conclusion: It is concluded that post trauma stress disorder, depression and panic disorder are significantlycorrelated with cardiovascular diseases. Further, significant number of patients with comorbid mental andcardiovascular were found to have low educational status and were indebted which makes these two a riskfactor in causing cardiac disorders.