Key result
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate cardiac function and disease remodeling by controlling intracellular nanodomains of cAMP and cGMP.
This review highlights the localized control of cAMP and cGMP by specific PDE isoforms within cardiac nanodomains, broadening the potential therapeutic utility of PDE-selective inhibitors.
Highlights PDEs as therapeutic targets in heart disease; leaves open precise clinical applications pending targeted trials.
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) form an 11-member superfamily comprising 100 different isoforms that regulate the second messengers cyclic adenosine or guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP or cGMP). These PDE isoforms differ with respect to substrate selectivity and their localized control of cAMP and cGMP within nanodomains that target specific cellular pools and synthesis pathways for the cyclic nucleotides. Seven PDE family members are physiologically relevant to regulating cardiac function, disease remodeling of the heart, or both: PDE1 and PDE2, both dual-substrate (cAMP and cGMP) esterases; PDE3, PDE4, and PDE8, which principally hydrolyze cAMP; and PDE5A and PDE9A, which target cGMP. New insights regarding the different roles of PDEs in health and disease and their local signaling control are broadening the potential therapeutic utility for PDE-selective inhibitors. In this review, we discuss these PDEs, focusing on the different mechanisms by which they control cardiac function in health and disease by regulating intracellular nanodomains.
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Kokkonen-Simon et al. (2016) conducted a review in Cardiac function and disease remodeling. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) was evaluated. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate cardiac function and disease remodeling by controlling intracellular nanodomains of cAMP and cGMP.
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