Key result
The proposed SISO FMCW radar sensor accurately monitored vital signs within typical room settings, with maximum mean absolute errors of 0.747 breaths-per-minute and 2.645 beats-per-minute.
A novel SISO FMCW radar architecture demonstrates the technical feasibility of accurate, contactless 2-D localization and vital signs monitoring of multiple subjects in a room environment.
May enable contactless multi-subject vital signs monitoring; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective clinical validation.
A single-input and single-output (SISO) frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar architecture is proposed and in vivo demonstrated for remote 2-D localization (range and angular information) and vital signs monitoring of multiple subjects. The radar sensor integrates two frequency scanning antennas which allow angular separation and enable determining a 2-D map (range versus angle) of a room environment from which people can be distinguished from objects and clutter. After technical tests to validate the functionality of the proposed architecture and data processing algorithm, a practical setup was successfully demonstrated to locate human volunteers, at different absolute distances and orientations, and to retrieve their respiratory and heart rate information. Experimental results show that this radar sensor can monitor accurately the vital signs of multiple subjects within typical room settings, reporting maximum mean absolute errors of 0.747 breaths-per-minute and 2.645 beats-per-minute, respectively, for respiration rate and heartbeat. Practical applications arise for Internet of Things (IoT), ambient-assisted living, healthcare, geriatric and quarantine medicine, automotive, rescue and security purposes.
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Mercuri et al. (2021) studied Healthy volunteers (n=5). SISO FMCW radar sensor vs. Medical reference device (g.USBamp) was evaluated on Mean absolute error (MAE) for respiration rate and heart rate. The proposed SISO FMCW radar sensor accurately monitored vital signs within typical room settings, with maximum mean absolute errors of 0.747 breaths-per-minute and 2.645 beats-per-minute.
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