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High-resolution Raman spectroscopy of dense sodium reveals additonal low-energy lattice excitations in the three high-pressure phases cI16, oP8, and tI19 from 108 to 178 GPa. The Raman-active lattice modes indicate profound changes of the chemical bonding in Na upon its transformation to an insulating state (hP4 phase) at pressures above 178(2) GPa. The calculated values of the valence electron localization maxima versus pressure provide insights into the experimentally observed solid-solid phase transitions and anomalous melting behavior of sodium.
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Marqués et al. (2011) studied this question.
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