Key result
Young male patients six weeks post-myocardial infarction had significantly lower flow-mediated dilatation (P<0.001) and higher carotid intima-media thickness (P=0.001) compared to healthy controls.
Why the study?
Are biophysical markers of atherosclerosis (FMD, CIMT, ABI, PP) deranged in young male post-myocardial infarction patients compared to healthy controls?
Case-Control (n=160)
No
Are biophysical markers of atherosclerosis (FMD, CIMT, ABI, PP) deranged in young male post-myocardial infarction patients compared to healthy controls?
Biophysical markers of atherosclerosis remain significantly deranged in young male post-MI patients at 6 weeks despite treatment, suggesting a role for these markers in early risk stratification.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Suggests persistent endothelial dysfunction post-MI in young males; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
INTRODUCTION: Due to increase in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) at a younger age, we should try to diagnose atherosclerotic process and population at risk, at the earliest. Flow Mediated Dilatation (FMD), Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) and Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) are probable markers for early atherosclerosis and may be useful in coronary risk stratification. AIM: To compare and correlate the FMD, CIMT, ABI and Pulse Pressure (PP) in young male patients of Myocardial Infarction (MI) with age and sex matched healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty male patients of MI aged ≤45 years, who presented to the Cardiac Care Unit and Department of Medicine of Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India, from November 2010 to April 2012 were recruited consecutively for this case control study and same number of age and sex matched healthy controls were also analyzed. Six weeks after MI, FMD of the brachial artery, intima media thickness of carotid artery, ABPI and PP were measured in the cases and compared with healthy controls. RESULTS: The FMD was lower among young patients of MI than controls (p<0.001). CIMT was higher among cases than controls (p=0.001). ABI was lower among cases than controls (p<0.001). Compared to controls, PP was higher among cases (p=0.001). In all subjects, a negative correlation between FMD and CIMT (r=-0.220, p=0.005) and a positive correlation between FMD and ABPI (r=0.304, p<0.001) was found. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between endothelial dependent FMD and PP among cases and control groups (r=-0.209, p=0.007). CONCLUSION: Biophysical parameters were deranged in young post MI patients. Majority of our young male patients fell in low risk Framingham risk score but still they manifested with CAD. Despite six weeks of treatment among young male patients of MI, various biophysical parameters were still deranged.
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Nikhil Gupta (2016) conducted a case-control in Myocardial Infarction (n=160). Post-myocardial infarction status vs. Age and sex matched healthy controls was evaluated on Flow Mediated Dilatation (FMD), Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT), Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) and Pulse Pressure (PP) (p=<0.001). Young male patients six weeks post-myocardial infarction had significantly lower flow-mediated dilatation (P<0.001) and higher carotid intima-media thickness (P=0.001) compared to healthy controls.
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