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The steel industry accounts for 10%–15% of global energy consumption and ∼7% of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. Recovering waste heat from slag is therefore crucial for low‐carbon development. This review examines physical and chemical recovery approaches. Among physical methods, centrifugal granulation shows promise due to stable granulation and high capacity. It produces 1.5–6 mm particles and handles 60–80 t/h of slag, achieving 60%–80% recovery efficiency. For chemical methods, methane reforming, coal gasification, and pyrolysis are key pathways. Slag addition boosts methane reforming conversion to 96%, whereas coal gasification achieves 90% waste heat recovery efficiency. Regarding carbon reduction, CaO‐based slag modification decreases emissions by 315 kg CO 2 /t, and carbon sequestration processes achieve reductions up to 918.5 kg CO 2 /t. This study provides a selection framework for recovery technologies to enhance efficiency and minimize global warming impacts.
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Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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