Chest pain presents as a heterogeneous clinical category without coherent associations between signs and symptoms on a patient level, limiting the utility of cluster analysis for subgrouping.
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Chest pain heterogeneity limits cluster-based subgrouping now; leaves open whether alternative methods can identify coherent phenotypes.
Hirsch et al. (2011) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 3 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: