Ultrasound probe disinfection practice and associated factors among radiologists and radiology residents in Ethiopia, 2025: a cross-sectional study

Proper ultrasound probe disinfection practice is critical in preventing healthcare-associated infections in the radiology department. However, adherence to recommended guidelines varies globally and is influenced by multiple factors, including healthcare professional knowledge, attitude, institutional support, and equipment availability. In Ethiopia, there is limited evidence regarding current disinfection practices and associated factors among radiologists and radiology residents. This study aims to assess the current trend of ultrasound probe disinfection practices among radiologists and radiology residents in Ethiopia and identify factors associated with good practice. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2025 among radiologists and radiology residents in Ethiopia. The data were collected using an online-administered questionnaire through KoboToolbox. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression models. A p -value less than 0.05 with 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance. From a total of 153 participants, only 15% demonstrated good overall disinfection practice. Compliance varied based on probe types. 96.1% and 70.6% of participants did not disinfect surface probes after each examination on intact and non-intact skin respectively. Similarly, 62.3% and 15.5% of participants who performed endocavity and interventional procedures, respectively, did not disinfect probes after each examination. Positive attitude towards probe disinfection (AOR=4.866, 95% CI 1.256–18.843), presence of institutional protocol (AOR = 6.346, 95% CI 1.376–28.279), and good access to disinfectant materials (AOR = 6.236, 95% CI 2.115–18.375) were significant predictors of good disinfection practice. Compliance with internationally recommended ultrasound probe disinfection practices was alarmingly low among radiologists and radiology residents in Ethiopia. Good access to disinfectants, positive attitude towards probe disinfection, and having institutional probe disinfection protocol were key determinants of good practice. Strengthening guidelines, improving access, and providing training are essential to enhance compliance and patient safety.