Induction Motor Protection Using Microcontroller and its Fault Analysis by Simulation Model

The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has enabled intelligent monitoring and protection of electrical systems through real-time data acquisition and remote accessibility. This project presents an Induction Motor Protection Using Microcontroller and its Fault Analysis By Simulation Model using theESP32 microcontroller. The proposed system continuously monitors essential electrical parameters such as voltage, current, power, energy consumption, frequency, and power factor using the PZEM-004T power monitoring module, while simultaneously measuring equipment temperature using the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor. The ESP32 processes the acquired sensor data in real time and compares the measured values with predefined safety thresholds. Whenever abnormal electrical or thermal conditions are detected, the controller automatically activates a relay module to disconnect the electrical load, thereby protecting electrical equipment from damage caused by overload, overheating, or voltage fluctuations. The measured parameters are displayed locally on a 16×2 LCD display and remotely through an embedded web dashboard hosted by the ESP32 using its built-in Wi-Fi capability. The proposed system offers a low-cost, reliable, and efficient solution for continuous monitoring, automatic fault protection, and remote supervision of electrical systems. It is suitable for residential, commercial, laboratory, and small-scale industrial applications where equipment safety, energy management, and operational reliability are essential. The modular architecture of the system also allows future enhancements such as cloud integration, data logging, mobile application support, and predictive maintenance features.