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A relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model, including momentum-dependent mean fields, is used to study directed and elliptic flow of protons in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The model agrees well with experimental data up to a center-of-momentum energy of about 10 GeV. However, above that energy the measured directed flow collapses to near zero, suggesting a transition to a different state of matter with a softened equation of state.
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Nara et al. (2020) studied this question.
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