Butterfly-shaped features (with sizes from about 6 to 90 μm) were found on the surface of a shape-memory polymer (SMP) after a process of 50% stretching, slightly polishing, and then heating for shape recovery. We identified the underline mechanism, which is evidenced by the switching of butterflies by 90° from the previous direction after stretching. The case discussed here demonstrates the feasibility of using SMPs for patterning up to nanoscale for different shapes.
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Liu et al. (2007) studied this question.
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