This book discusses the mechanisms regulating renal medullary blood flow and oxygen levels, which are critical for sodium and water homeostasis and blood pressure regulation.
Tight medullary perfusion control may influence sodium excretion and BP; leaves open its role as a hypertension target.
The two kidneys of mammalian organisms receive around 25 % of the cardiac output at rest, of which only ~7 % is distributed to the renal medulla. Despite the low blood flow to the renal medulla, small changes in perfusion to the region can have profound effects on urine-concentrating ability and the excretion of sodium, which in turn affects the chronic regulation of body fluid volumes and arterial blood pressure. Importantly, we know that if blood flow to the renal medulla is not tightly regulated, sodium and water homeostasis is impaired and medullary hypoxia develops. The resultant injury inevitably reduces urine concentrating ability and leads to hypertension. This book will discuss the variety of mechanisms that mammalian organisms have developed to ensure that renal medullary blood flow and oxygen levels are precisely regulated. This book will focus on the unique anatomical arrangement of the medullary circulation, the functional roles of medullary blood flow, as well as the experimental te...
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Evans et al. (2015) studied this question.
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