High frequency of NPM1 gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia with prominent nuclear invaginations (“cuplike” nuclei)

Falini et al[1][1] first reported exon 12 mutations in the nucleophosmin ( NPM1 ) gene in approximately 35% of patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These mutations disrupt the nucleolar-localization signal and acquire a nuclear export signal motif at the C-terminus leading to abnormal