Isomerization and alkylation of biomass-derived compounds are key industrial processes for mitigating over dependence on fossil fuels and petrochemicals. Although designing the reactions in aqueous media is environmentally sustainable, cost-effective, and efficient, the most reliable catalysts are still being sought. We have therefore reviewed and analyzed classified literature on the prospects of hydrophobic zeolites, acidic oxides, and heteropoly acid catalysts. Emphasis was given to catalyst design, key active sites, modification, catalytic activity in related reactions, and stability properties.
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Muraza et al. (2014) studied this question.
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