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The results of an experimental study of microstrip patch antennas on moderately thick (0.02-0.03λ₀) substrates with relative permittivities of 10 and 13 are reported. Measured input impedances are qualitatively similar to those of antennas on thinner substrates with lowerεᵣ, but significant differences in resonant resistance are observed for probe-fed and microstripline-fed antennas. Radiation patterns of individual elements exhibit deep scallops that appear to be caused by surface wave diffraction at the edges of the substrate, but four-element monopulse patterns exhibit a usable main beam and tracking null.
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Schaubert et al. (1986) studied this question.
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