A Cross-Sectional Study on Correlation between Glycemic Control and Body Mass Index in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rural Population

Background: Diabetes Mellitus [DM] is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in the world, with micro and macrovascular complications that cause high mortality and morbidity rates as well as early death. Diabetes Mellitus, especially Type-2 diabetes, is usually linked with and obesity and has turned into a public health concern in recent years.The Aim of The Work: To investigate an association between BMI and glycemic control, gauged using glycated hemoglobin as the marker, in type 2 diabetics.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the department of medicine of St Peters Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India. 482 patients with diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended and were admitted in the Medicine out-patient department [OPD] in the hospital from September 2021 to March 2022 were selected. Patients who are diagnosed with type 2 DM, both genders, and willing to participate were comprised in the study, and patients with gestational diabetes, type 1 diabetes, hypoproteinemia, malnutrition, malignancy, and chronic kidney disease were excluded. Patients were subjected to clinical examination and detailed history and BMI was calculated. Glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] with routine investigations were done. Based on HbA1C levels: 6.5-8, 8-10, and >10 percent, the patients were classified into three groups.Results: This study comprised 482 diabetes patients, 300 of whom were male and 182 of whom were female. 53.53% of the 482 patients were overweight [BMI 25-29.9], accounting for 258 of the total cases, 140 patients had a normal BMI, and 84 patients were obese. According to a statistical study, there is a substantial positive association between BMI and poor glycemic control [HbA1c].Conclusion: According to the current study, obesity [BMI] is strongly correlated with poor glycemic control.