A deterministic low-wave-number forcing scheme designed to obtain statistically stationary homogeneous, isotropic turbulence in incompressible flows, and address criticisms of earlier schemes is proposed. Three-dimensional turbulent kinetic energy spectra collapse well and are more consistent with the experimentally determined Kolmogorov coefficient. Spectra for unforced scalar fields at different Prandtl numbers advected by the forced velocity fields collapse under Batchelor scaling, and do not show as strong a low-wave-number anomaly as earlier simulations that use forcing on both the velocity and scalar fields.
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Sullivan et al. (1994) studied this question.
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