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Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation-Based Reformer Pilates and Hatha Yoga on Functional Fitness, Balance, and Cognitive Performance in Older Women: A 16-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

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Randomized trial compares Pilates and Yoga's effects on fitness and cognitive performance in older women, suggesting multiple benefits.

This trial aimed to assess the effects of PNF-supported Reformer Pilates and Hatha Yoga on functional fitness, balance, and cognitive performance in older women.
Women aged 65–85 years were randomly assigned to Pilates, Yoga, or control groups.
Participants completed structured training programs twice weekly for 16 weeks.
Functional performance was evaluated using various tests including TSPU, YBT-LQ, and the N-back working memory test.
Both Pilates and Yoga showed significant improvements in trunk stability, dynamic balance, spinal mobility, and muscular endurance compared to the control group.
Pilates demonstrated larger effects with partial η² between 0.56–0.87 for primary outcomes.
Secondary outcomes, including joint mobility and handgrip strength, showed smaller effects, indicating cautious interpretation.

Arıkan et al. (2026) studied this question.

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