Key result
Depression and anxiety fully mediated the relationship between social factors and quality of life, and partially mediated the relationship for biological factors, accounting for 29.30% and 22.83% of the total effect, respectively.
Why the study?
To examine the association between social and biological factors and quality of life, and evaluate whether depression and anxiety mediate this relationship.
Cross-Sectional (n=19,236)
Yes
Effect estimate: β=-0.004 for social factors, β=-0.051 for biological factors
p-value: p=<0.001
Depression and anxiety significantly mediate the negative impact of biological comorbidities and poor social support on quality of life in the Indonesian population.
Supports mental health screening in patients with comorbidities or poor social support to address QoL; hypothesis-generating pending longitudinal confirmation.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between social and biological factors and quality of life (QoL), and whether depression and anxiety mediate this relationship. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with individual level as the unit of analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Depression and anxiety were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, while QoL was assessed using the EuroQol Five-Dimension scale. Social factors were assessed using the self-reported number of close persons, and biological factors were measured using the number of self-reported physical health comorbidities. SETTING: Country-level data. PARTICIPANTS: General population aged 18 and older with data available. RESULTS: Among participants, 849 (4.42%) had depression and 2339 (12.17%) had anxiety. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis, adjusted by age and sex, showed that social factors (β=-0.004, p<0.001) and biological factors (β=-0.051, p<0.001) were directly associated with QoL. Mediation analysis revealed that depression and anxiety fully mediated the relationship between social factors and QoL. For biological factors, depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship with QoL, accounting for 29.30% and 22.83% of the total effect, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between social and biological factors and QoL. Strengthening social support and improving mental health access can mitigate these risks. Future research should examine long-term trends and intervention effectiveness to inform targeted policies for at-risk populations.
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Susanti et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in General population (n=19,236). Social and biological factors was evaluated on Quality of life (QoL) and the mediating role of depression and anxiety (β=-0.004 for social factors, β=-0.051 for biological factors, p=<0.001). Depression and anxiety fully mediated the relationship between social factors and quality of life, and partially mediated the relationship for biological factors, accounting for 29.30% and 22.83% of the total effect, respectively.
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