Key result
A four-layer mathematical model of the arterial wall demonstrates that low wall shear stress causes giant accumulation of LDL in the intima, up to 18 times larger than single-layer model predictions.
A four-layer mathematical model of the arterial wall reveals that the interplay between layered structure and wall shear stress sensitivity leads to massive LDL accumulation in the intima, which is obscured in single-layer models.
May refine LDL transport predictions in low-shear zones; extends single-layer models but leaves validation open.
The mathematical, four-layer model of the LDL transport across the arterial wall including the sensitivity of the transport coefficients to the wall shear stress (WSS) is studied. In that model the advection-diffusion equations in porous media are used to determine the LDL concentration profiles in each layer of the arterial wall. We demonstrate the effect of the giant accumulation of the LDL in the intima layer. This property turns out to be an interplay between the layered structure of the arterial wall and WSS sensitivity of the endothelium. Interestingly, we also show that the single-layer models with the same WSS sensitivity mechanism and corresponding parameters, obscure the accumulation phenomenon, which predicts the one order of magnitude larger LDL concentration.
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Jesionek et al. (2014) studied Atherosclerosis. Low wall shear stress (WSS) vs. High wall shear stress was evaluated on LDL concentration in the intima. A four-layer mathematical model of the arterial wall demonstrates that low wall shear stress causes giant accumulation of LDL in the intima, up to 18 times larger than single-layer model predictions.
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