Virulence factors of helicobacter pylori

One of the most common cancers in both genders, gastric cancer is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The interplay of hereditary and environmental variables, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, is linked to the etiology of stomach cancer. Due to a number of evasive mechanisms brought on by the virulence factors that the bacteria express, the invasion, survival, colonization, and stimulation of further inflammation within the gastric mucosa are all conceivable. To improve eradication efforts and stop the potential induction of carcinogenesis, it is essential to understand the pathogenicity mechanisms of H. pylori. This review focuses on the most recent research on the relevance between H. pylori virulence factors, subsequent carcinogenesis, and stomach premalignant lesions.