The fall armyworm's Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), inability to survive extended periods of temperature below 10@*C critically limits its overwintering area. This trait renders the pest a model insect on which to research components of pest management systems and select those most suitable for implementing an area-wide management system. An overview of the potential of several components of such a management system for fall armyworm is assessed.
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Alton N. Sparks (1986) studied this question.
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