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A relationship is identified between the area of the North Atlantic with surface temperatures greater than 26.8°C and the frequency of tropical storms and hurricanes. The relationship is direct and near-exponential. When the mean monthly area with sea temperature of 26.8°C is less than about 8.5 × 106 km2, tropical storms and hurricanes do not occur. Estimates of tropical storm frequency based on the above relationship are made for several episodes of the Holocene.
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Wayne M. Wendland (1977) studied this question.
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