Long-term prognosis following hospitalization for acute myocarditis – a matched nationwide cohort study
Key result
Hospitalization for acute myocarditis was associated with increased long-term risks of heart failure hospitalization (HR 4.59; 95% CI 3.58-5.88) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.10).
Why the study?
Prognosis in patients with apparently uncomplicated myocarditis is generally perceived as good, but data on long-term outcomes are sparse.
Does a first-time diagnosis of acute myocarditis increase the long-term risk of heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality in patients without prior cardiac disease compared to the general population?
Population
1557 patients discharged alive with a first-time diagnosis of myocarditis and matched general population controls
Comparison
Patients discharged alive with first-time myocarditis vs 1:10 age- and sex-matched controls
Design
Matched nationwide cohort study
Follow-up
Mean 8.5 years
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
May inform post-myocarditis surveillance strategies; leaves open whether routine monitoring improves outcomes.
Study Design
Type
Cohort (n=17,127)
Multicenter
Yes
Structured PICO
Does a first-time diagnosis of acute myocarditis increase the long-term risk of heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality in patients without prior cardiac disease compared to the general population?
P
Population
17,127 individuals, comprising 1,557 patients discharged alive after first-time myocarditis and 15,570 matched controls, followed for a mean of 8.5 years.
E
Exposure
First-time diagnosis of acute myocarditis (exposure)
C
Comparator
1:10 age- and sex-matched controls from the general population
O
Outcome
Heart failure (HF) hospitalization and all-cause mortalityhard clinical
Main Result
Hazard Ratio: 4.59 (95% CI 3.58–5.88)
Absolute Event Rate: 8.7% vs 2.2%
Acute myocarditis in younger patients without prior cardiac disease is associated with a significantly increased long-term risk of heart failure hospitalization and death, suggesting a need for routine follow-up.
Cite This Study
Ghanizada et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Acute myocarditis (n=17,127). Hospitalization for acute myocarditis vs. Matched controls from the general population was evaluated on Heart failure hospitalization (HR 4.59, 95% CI 3.58-5.88). Hospitalization for acute myocarditis was associated with increased long-term risks of heart failure hospitalization (HR 4.59; 95% CI 3.58-5.88) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.10).