Visceral Adipose Tissue Indices Independently Correlated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Aims. We aimed to explore whether visceral adiposity indices were significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods. 100 patients with T2DM who underwent overnight polysomnography were analyzed in this study. Anthropometric data, lipid profiles, and glycemic parameters were recorded. Body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral adipose tissue area (VAT area) were collected from a whole body scan using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associations of AHI with BFP, VAT area, and CVAI. Results. The prevalence rate of OSA was 80%, and the mean (±SD) of age was <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mn>47.0</a:mn> <a:mo>±</a:mo> <a:mn>13.6</a:mn> </a:math> years. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was significantly and positively associated with either VAT area ( <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <c:mi>r</c:mi> <c:mo>=</c:mo> <c:mn>0.433</c:mn> </c:math> , <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <e:mi>p</e:mi> <e:mo>≤</e:mo> <e:mn>0.001</e:mn> </e:math> ) or Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) ( <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"> <g:mi>r</g:mi> <g:mo>=</g:mo> <g:mn>0.355</g:mn> </g:math> , <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"> <i:mi>p</i:mi> <i:mo>≤</i:mo> <i:mn>0.001</i:mn> </i:math> ) but not for BFP ( <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"> <k:mi>r</k:mi> <k:mo>=</k:mo> <k:mn>0.107</k:mn> </k:math> , <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>0.294</m:mn> </m:math> ). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that VAT area and CVAI were significantly associated with increased risk of OSA, and the adjusted ORs were (95% CI) 1.025 (1.003-1.047, <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"> <o:mi>p</o:mi> <o:mo>=</o:mo> <o:mn>0.023</o:mn> </o:math> ) and 1.018 (1.002-1.034, <q:math xmlns:q="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"> <q:mi>p</q:mi> <q:mo>=</q:mo> <q:mn>0.030</q:mn> </q:math> ), respectively. However, there was no significant association between BFP and increased risk of OSA. Conclusions. VAT area and CVAI were independent risk factors of OSA in the patients with T2DM.