Bruno J. Ens, Marcel Kersten, Alex Brenninkmeijer, Jan B. Hulscher, Territory Quality, Parental Effort and Reproductive Success of Oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus), Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 61, No. 3 (Oct., 1992), pp. 703-715
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Ens et al. (1992) studied this question.