Meta-Environment No4: Extracellular Matrix – A Dynamic Molecular Network Integrating Mechanics, Signaling, and Systemic Homeostasis

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly organized, tissue-specific molecular network containing more than 1,300 identified proteins (matrisomes). The CME is dynamically remodeled, transmits mechanical signals (mechanotransduction), serves as a reservoir of growth factors, and directly modulates cell metabolism through rigidity and viscoelasticity. Its pathology underlies fibrosis, cancer progression, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular stiffness and age-related tissue degradation. We substantiate that CME is an active meta-environment No4 that meets all the criteria. Current data on the molecular composition, organ specificity, physicochemical properties and methods of systemic restoration of ICM are presented, including a multimodal approach, Quatotron, which combines physical fields, longevity mechanics and biogenic nutrition to restore the synthesis, remodeling and mechanical properties of the matrix. Understanding ECM as a meta-environment opens up new therapeutic targets for fibrosis, cancer, and age-related diseases.