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August 12, 2026MetalsOpen Access

Effect of ZnO on Copper Loss and Fe3O4 Reduction During the Copper Slag Cleaning

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Authors

TWTao WeiHZHaipei ZhangHXHaoyuan Xu

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Overview

Randomized trial evaluates zinc oxide's role in reducing copper content and improving slag viscosity during copper smelting.

Key Points

  • This research aims to understand how zinc oxide affects copper loss and iron oxide reduction in copper slag during smelting.
  • Established a mass action concentration model for multi-component slag components.
  • Conducted theoretical calculations and experimental investigations with ZnO additions ranging from 0 to 25 wt.% at temperatures between 1200 to 1400 °C.
  • Analyzed phase transformation and changes in copper content in the slag.
  • ZnO addition decreased the mass concentrations of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, while increasing zinc-bearing structural units.
  • Copper content in slag reduced from 5.64 wt.% to 2.04 wt.% with increasing ZnO up to 25 wt.% and decreased slag viscosity.
  • ZnO favored the transformation of Fe3O4 into more reducible zinc–iron spinel via carbothermic reaction.

Cite This Study

Wei et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7c20ae06a85aed514b7b46https://doi.org/10.3390/met16080893
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