Key result
Prophylactic levosimendan in children undergoing cardiac surgery reduced the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome compared with other inotropes or placebo.
Why the study?
Low cardiac output syndrome occurs in up to 25% of patients after congenital cardiac surgery and is linked to excess morbidity and mortality, prompting an evaluation of peri-operative levosimendan.
Does prophylactic levosimendan reduce the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome in children undergoing cardiac surgery?
Systematic Review (n=539)
Does prophylactic levosimendan reduce the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome in children undergoing cardiac surgery?
Prophylactic levosimendan in pediatric cardiac surgery reduces the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome and improves cardiac index, though it does not significantly affect mortality or length of stay.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support prophylactic levosimendan in pediatric cardiac surgery; extends adult evidence to children.
BACKGROUND: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after congenital cardiac surgery has an incidence of up to 25%. Preventing and treating LCOS is of pivotal importance as LCOS is associated with excess morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review assesses the safety and efficacy of peri-operative levosimendan administration in the setting of paediatric cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Meta-analyses were performed on efficacy and exploratory outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Literature was searched in the following databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CENTRAL) from inception to July 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials comparing levosimendan with other inotropes or placebo in children younger than 18 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery. RESULTS: Nine studies enrolling a total of 539 children could be included in the systematic review. All trials study the prophylactic administration of levosimendan in comparison with placebo ( n = 2), milrinone ( n = 6) or dobutamine ( n = 1). Levosimendan dosing varied considerably with only three studies using a loading dose. Levosimendan reduced the incidence of LCOS [risk ratio (RR) 0.80] [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.40 to 0.89, P = 0.01] and increased cardiac index (MD 0.17 l min -1 m -2 ) (95% CI, 0.06 to 0.28, P = 0.003) without affecting other outcomes (mortality, ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, serum lactate, central venous oxygen saturation, serum creatine or acute kidney injury). CONCLUSION: The prophylactic use of levosimendan in children undergoing cardiac surgery reduced the incidence of LCOS and increased cardiac index compared with other inotropes or placebo. This effect did not translate into an improvement of other clinical endpoints.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Lapere et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review in Low cardiac output syndrome after congenital cardiac surgery (n=539). Levosimendan vs. Placebo, milrinone, or dobutamine was evaluated on Incidence of low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.89, p=0.01). Prophylactic levosimendan in children undergoing cardiac surgery reduced the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome compared with other inotropes or placebo.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: