Paradigm Shift in Age-Period-Cohort Analysis: A Response to Yang and Land, O’Brien, Held and Riebler, and Fienberg

I appreciate the opportunity to respond to the thoughtful comments by Yang and Land (henceforth Y&L), O'Brien, Held and Riebler (henceforth H&R), and Fienberg. In this response, I will (1) elaborate on the limitations of the age-period-cohort (APC) accounting model, (2) clarify apparent misunderstandings about the intrinsic estimator (IE), and (3) outline a methodological research agenda that will facilitate improvements to substantive research.