A pilot study of circulating PPAR-γ receptor protein in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR-) protein concentration and inflammatory markers in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Material and methods: We enrolled a total of 73 elderly patients: 45 with AF as the test group and 28 in sinus rhythm as a control group. We assayed serum PPAR- receptor protein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-). The study protocol and written in for med consent were approved by the Ethics Committee of Clinical Research, Peking University First Hospital. Results: The concentration of PPAR- receptor protein was lower in AF patients than that in the control group (p < 0.01), and the concentrations of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF- were higher than those in the control group (all p < 0.01). The PPAR- level was negatively correlated with hs-CRP, IL-6, and left atrium diameter (LAD) level (all p < 0.05). On logistic regression analysis, PPAR-, hs-CRP, TNF- and LAD level were associated with AF. Conclusions: Elderly patients with AF show an inflammatory state and atrial remodeling. The PPAR- receptor protein concentration is inversely linked with inflammation in AF. As an important transcription factor regulating inflammatory gene expression, PPAR- may take part in the pathogenesis of AF.