This article examines the connections between the defense of a traditional concept of masculinity and the anti-modernist discourse which characterized the fascist regime. This nexus took shape in the campaign against urbanization and its concomitant exaltation of the peasant world, as well as in the critique of intellectuals and the anti-bourgeois campaign. Through a critique of the modern woman, fascism emphasized the hierarchical relationship between the sexes, which found its justification in the supposed immutability of the subaltern feminine role.
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Sandro Bellassai (2005) studied this question.