Integrated systems biology approach reveals the potential mechanism of Guanxinning in treating coronary heart disease complicated with major depressive disorder through S1PR3 regulation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, frequently accompanied by major depressive disorder (MDD), which exacerbates clinical outcomes. While Guanxinning (GXN) has demonstrated efficacy in improving cardiac function and reducing angina symptoms in CHD patients, its potential role in alleviating MDD symptoms has not been extensively studied. This study aims to explore the potential therapeutic effects of GXN on CHD and MDD through the regulation of S1PR3. METHODS: We utilized bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and Mendelian randomization to identify S1PR3 as a key therapeutic target for CHD and MDD. Molecular docking simulations were conducted to validate the binding affinity between GXN components and S1PR3. RESULTS: Our findings indicate that CHD is a risk factor for MDD, and the downregulation of S1PR3 expression in CHD patients is associated with the onset of MDD. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that GXN can effectively bind to S1PR3, suggesting that GXN may modulate S1PR3 expression levels to prevent MDD in CHD patients. CONCLUSION: This study identifies S1PR3 as a critical therapeutic target for the comorbidity of CHD and MDD. GXN has the potential to treat CHD and MDD by regulating S1PR3 expression levels. Although further validation through animal and cell-based experiments is needed, our findings provide a foundational understanding of the molecular mechanisms and highlight the therapeutic potential of GXN in dual heart therapy.