Key result
Exercise-induced skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles show potential in mediating systemic anticancer effects, though current evidence is primarily limited to in vitro and preclinical models.
Why the study?
Although the health benefits of exercise in cancer are acknowledged, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the role of contracting skeletal muscle-released extracellular vesicles remain poorly understood.
Understanding the molecular cargo and systemic targeting of exercise-induced skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles could inform the development of exercise mimetics for cancer patients unable to engage in physical activity.
Challenges muscle-EV primacy in exercise benefits for cancer; leaves open immune-cell EV contributions.
The health benefits of exercise training in a cancer setting are increasingly acknowledged; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. It has been suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from contracting skeletal muscles play a key role in mediating the systemic benefits of exercise by transporting bioactive molecules, including myokines. Nevertheless, skeletal muscle-derived vesicles account for only about 5% of plasma EVs, with the immune cells making the largest contribution. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the contribution of skeletal muscle-derived EVs increases after physical exercise or how muscle contraction modulates the secretory activity of other tissues and thus influences the content and profile of circulating EVs. Furthermore, the destination of EVs after exercise is unknown, and it depends on their molecular composition, particularly adhesion proteins. The cargo of EVs is influenced by the training program, with acute training sessions having a greater impact than chronic adaptations. Indeed, there are numerous questions regarding the role of EVs in mediating the effects of exercise, the clarification of which is critical for tailoring exercise training prescriptions and designing exercise mimetics for patients unable to engage in exercise programs. This review critically analyzes the current knowledge on the effects of exercise on the content and molecular composition of circulating EVs and their impact on cancer progression.
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Pinto et al. (2024) conducted a review in Cancer. Exercise training and skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles was evaluated. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles show potential in mediating systemic anticancer effects, though current evidence is primarily limited to in vitro and preclinical models.
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